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Antigenotoxicity of Semecarpus Anacardium: In Vitro and In Vivo
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Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

DOI: 10.18579/jopcr/v17.3.mohamed

Year: 2018, Volume: 17, Issue: 3, Pages: 17-26

Original Article

Antigenotoxicity of Semecarpus Anacardium: In Vitro and In Vivo

Mohamed Sauf Anam K S1, S V Rajendra1,∗, Raman Dang2

1Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Carmelaram, Varthur Hobli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2Principal, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Carmelaram, Varthur Hobli, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India



Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Objectives: Genotoxicity is a word in genetics defined as the destructive effect of a cell’s genetic material (DNA or RNA) on its integrity. Currently, most of the therapeutics prescribed for cancer treatment show genotoxicity owing to their natural properties (for example, Nitrosoureas, Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil, Ionizing radiation). The present study on the antigenotoxic potential of Semecarpus anacardium leaf extract in vitro and in vivo opens a greater window for the safety of anticancer drugs. Methods: The study included the AMES test, micronucleus assay, chromosomal aberration test, Allium cepa assay, and in vitro antioxidant activity assay to elucidate the activity of Semecarpus anacardium leaf extract. Cyclophosphamide, a potent alkylating agent was used as a positive control to produce genotoxicity and Semecarpus anacardium leaf extract was assumed to protect it. The doses of Semecarpus anacardium leaf extract used were 50,100, 200 µg/mL for the Allium cepa assay and 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for the micronuclei assay and chromosomal aberration test. Mutant strains of Salmonella typhimurium were used for the AMES test. Swiss albino mice were used for in vivo studies and divided into five groups of six animals each. Onion roots were used in the Allium cepa assay. Findings: The aqueous extract of Semecarpus anacardium leaf showed antigenotoxic activity against CP-induced genotoxicity in mammalian bone marrow erythrocyte micronucleus assay (MNA), chromosomal aberration (CA), and Allium cepa assays in a dose-dependent manner. Similar to the AMES test, it was unable to produce any genotoxic effects. It showed maximum antigenotoxic activity when administered at a dose of 200 mg/kg in the micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration test and 200 µg/mL in the Allium cepa assay. The leaf extract also had good antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 37.239 µg/mL for DPPH scavenging activity and an IC50 value of 34.191 µg/mL in superoxide scavenging activity. Novelty: Semecarpus anacardium leaf extract possesses antigenotoxic and antioxidant activities and can be used as a combination therapy with potent and novel anticancer molecules.

Keywords Semecarpus anacardium, In Vitro, In Vivo, AMES test

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Copyright

© 2018 Published by Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) 

  • 22 September 2024

Year: 2018, Volume: 17, Issue: 3


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