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Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Article

Herb-Drug Interactions: Effects of Allium sativum on the Pharmacokinetics of Common Cardioprotective Agents
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Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

DOI: 10.18579/jopcr/v18.3.gopal

Year: 2019, Volume: 18, Issue: 3, Pages: 13-18

Original Article

Herb-Drug Interactions: Effects of Allium sativum on the Pharmacokinetics of Common Cardioprotective Agents

Gopal Pawar1, Sunil S Dhaminigi1

1Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

 

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The present study assessed the pharmacokinetic interactions of garlic (Allium sativum) with cardioprotective medications (amlodipine, losartan, enalapril, and carvedilol) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were administered a moderate dose of garlic homogenate (250 mg/kg) for 30 days before a single administration of each drug. Blood samples were drawn at various time points, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze pharmacokinetic parameters. Garlic reduced amlodipine (Cmax, T½) and increased elimination. Losartan showed a higher Cmax but lower T½ and clearance. Enalapril and carvedilol had increased Cmax, AUC0-24, and T½ values, with reduced clearance and distribution. These interactions suggest that garlic alters drug bioavailability, necessitating caution in its clinical use. This study offers new information on the herb-drug interactions of garlic with cardiovascular drugs. These results indicate the ability of garlic to increase drug bioavailability and the need for strict adjustment of the dose to avoid toxicity. These findings underscore the need to consider the dietary and herbal effects on drug metabolism in clinical practice.

Keywords: Amlodipine, Losartan, Enalapril, Carvedilol

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Copyright

© 2019 Published by Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) 

  • 18 April 2025

Year: 2019, Volume: 18, Issue: 3


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